The city's name is due to the large number of “Mateiros” deer found in the region. The municipality is a reference in the production of the golden grass (Capim Dourado) handicrafts, whose nucleus is located in the community Mumbuca, composed of descendants of maroons. Born as the District of Ponte Alta do Norte, created with the name of Mateiros, Municipal Law No. 53 of 1963. In 1963 territorial division of the district Mateiros figure in the city of Ponte Alta do Tocantins. Elevated to the status of municipality and district with the name of Mateiros by State Law No. 251 of 1991 has had its boundaries changed by the State Law No. 498 of 1992, which also spun off Mateiros of the municipality of Ponte Alta do Tocantins. The official area of the city of Mateiros currently 9.593km² and in the 2010 census, listed with 2.223 inhabitants, with a population growth of around 19.13% over the census of 2000.
