The municipality of São Gonçalo de Gurguéia was separated from the municipalities of Piauí and Barreiras de Gilbués, based in the village of the same name, according to State Law No 4810 of December 1995. The official area of São Gonçalo da Gurguéia of 1.384km² and in the 2010 census, listed with 2.825 inhabitants, with a population growth of around 14.42% over the census of 2000.
